C-Reactive Protein (CRP)

What Is C-reactive protein (CRP)?

CRP is a protein produced by your liver in response to inflammation. When your body detects an injury, infection, or chronic condition, CRP levels rise to help initiate the healing process.

Why Is CRP Important?

High CRP levels are often associated with chronic inflammation, a silent driver of many health issues, including heart disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s.

How Is CRP Measured?

CRP is measured with a simple blood test known as the c-reactive protein test. It is typically expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L) of blood.

How is a CRP Test Done?

A CRP test is a straightforward blood test. Here’s what you can expect during the procedure:

1. Preparation: A healthcare professional will clean and disinfect the area where the blood sample will be taken, usually from a vein in your arm or hand.
2. Blood Draw: A needle will be inserted into the vein, and a small amount of blood will be drawn into a collection tube. You might feel a slight sting or pain, but it should only last a few seconds.
3. Sample Collection: The blood sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.
4. Duration: The entire process typically takes just a few minutes and is usually done in a doctor’s office, clinic, or hospital.

It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about any medications, supplements, or herbs you’re taking, as these can affect your CRP test results. If you’re on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin, you may need to stop taking them for a certain period before the test to ensure accurate results.

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Types of CRP Tests

1. Standard CRP Test: Detects higher levels of CRP associated with infections or acute inflammation.
2. High-Sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP): Measures lower levels of CRP, which are more indicative of chronic inflammation and cardiovascular risk.

In addition to CRP tests, healthcare providers may order other tests to get a comprehensive understanding of the underlying causes of inflammation.

Understanding CRP Test Results

Here’s how to interpret the results:

• Normal CRP Level: Typically less than 10 milligrams per litre (mg/L). This suggests there is no significant inflammation in your body.
• Elevated CRP Level: Indicates inflammation or infection. The degree of elevation can help determine the severity:
• Mildly Elevated (10-50 mg/L): This may suggest a viral infection or minor inflammation.
• Moderately Elevated (50-100 mg/L): This could indicate a bacterial infection or more significant inflammation.
• Highly Elevated (Above 100 mg/L): Often points to a severe bacterial infection, autoimmune disease, or chronic inflammation.

It’s essential to remember that various factors, such as smoking, recent injury, and certain health conditions, can affect CRP test results. Your healthcare provider will interpret your test results in the context of your medical history, symptoms, and other test results to determine the underlying cause of inflammation or infection.

The Role of Genetics in CRP Levels

While lifestyle factors play a significant role in CRP levels, genetics can also influence your body’s inflammatory response. Some individuals may naturally produce higher levels of CRP due to inherited traits. Genetic testing can help identify these predispositions, offering deeper insights into your inflammation risk and guiding more personalised interventions.

CRP and Longevity

Chronic inflammation, as indicated by elevated CRP levels, is linked to accelerated ageing and the development of chronic diseases. Lowering your CRP levels can help:

• Reduce the risk of heart disease
• Improve metabolic health
• Enhance overall vitality and longevity

CRP and Cardiovascular Risk

High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) testing is particularly valuable in assessing cardiovascular risk. Elevated hs-CRP levels can indicate the presence of low-grade inflammation in your arteries, a precursor to conditions like atherosclerosis and heart attacks. When combined with other metrics such as cholesterol levels and blood pressure, hs-CRP provides a more accurate assessment of your heart health, enabling targeted preventative strategies.

Limitations of Relying on CRP Alone

While CRP is a useful marker, it has its limitations:

1. Non-Specific Nature

CRP doesn’t pinpoint the exact cause of inflammation. Elevated levels could result from an infection, injury, or chronic condition, including autoimmune diseases.

2. Short-Term Fluctuations

CRP levels can vary day-to-day due to temporary factors like exercise, stress, or minor infections.

3. Not a Standalone Risk Indicator

CRP should be interpreted alongside other health metrics, such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and biomarkers, to provide a complete picture of your health.

At Everlab, we use CRP as part of a broader diagnostic approach to provide a complete picture of your health.

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How to Improve Your CRP Levels

CRP levels are highly responsive to lifestyle changes. Here’s how to lower chronic inflammation and improve your CRP:

1. Adopt an Anti-Inflammatory Diet

• Focus on whole foods: Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds.
• Include omega-3s: Found in fatty fish like salmon and walnuts, these healthy fats reduce inflammation.
• Reduce processed foods: Limit sugar, refined carbohydrates, and trans fats, which can raise inflammation.

2. Stay Active

Regular exercise has been shown to lower CRP levels and reduce inflammation. Aim for a mix of:

• Aerobic activities (e.g., brisk walking, cycling)
• Strength training (e.g., weightlifting, resistance bands)

3. Manage Stress

Chronic stress triggers inflammation. Incorporate mindfulness techniques such as:

• Meditation
• Yoga
• Breathing exercises

4. Prioritise Sleep

Poor sleep is linked to higher CRP levels. Ensure you’re getting 7–9 hours of quality sleep by maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a relaxing bedtime routine.

5. Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol

Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can increase inflammation. Quitting or moderating these habits can have an immediate impact on CRP levels.

6. Consider Supplements

Certain supplements may help reduce inflammation and lower CRP levels:

• Curcumin: Found in turmeric, it has potent anti-inflammatory properties.
• Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish oil supplements.
• Vitamin D: Essential for immune function and inflammation control.

Always consult with a healthcare provider before adding new supplements to your routine.

Environmental Factors Affecting CRP

Your environment plays a surprisingly large role in your CRP levels. Air pollution, exposure to toxins, and poor indoor air quality can contribute to chronic inflammation and elevate CRP. Minimising exposure to pollutants, investing in air purifiers, and choosing clean, toxin-free products can help reduce inflammation and support healthier CRP levels.

CRP Testing as Part of a Preventative Health Plan

CRP testing is an essential component of preventative health. By identifying elevated levels early, you can implement targeted interventions to lower inflammation and reduce disease risk, including conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.

At Everlab, our comprehensive diagnostic lab measures over 100 biomarkers, including CRP, to provide deep insights into your health. Combined with personalised diet, exercise, and supplementation plans, we help you take control of your well-being.