DEXA Scan (Bone Density Test)

Overview: DEXA Scan

What is DEXA and how does it work?

DEXA is a medical imaging technique used primarily for measuring bone mineral density. The scan uses two X-ray beams with different energy levels to measure bone density, making it a reliable tool for assessing bone health.

What does a DEXA scan check for?

A DEXA scan primarily checks for bone mineral density (BMD), typically at the hip, forearm and spine, where fractures are most likely to occur due to osteoporosis. DEXA scans can also be used to evaluate body composition, providing information on the distribution of fat, muscle and bone in the body.

What age is getting a DEXA recommended?

DEXA scans are generally recommended for women aged 65 and older and men aged 70 and older, as the risk of osteoporosis increases with age. However, at Everlab, members have the option of taking a DEXA exam irrespective of age, as earlier screening may enable doctors to engage patients with preventative lifestyle treatments.

DEXA Test Details

How is a DEXA scan done?

DEXA scans are outpatient procedures, which means you won’t have to stay in the hospital. There are no needles or injections in this test, and you won’t feel any pain. You are required to remove all metal objects from your pockets and clothes, and may be required to wear a specific gown if this is not possible.

Here’s how the DEXA scan works:

• You’ll lie down on a special X-ray table.
• A radiographer will help position your body, sometimes using foam blocks to hold your body in the correct position.
• The technician will pass a scanning arm over your body that takes pictures of your bones. Technicians usually scan your hips and spine, but they may take scans of other bones throughout your body, too, like your forearms.
• The scan usually takes anywhere from 10 to 25 minutes depending on how many body parts get scanned.

Is the radiation in a DEXA scan bad for you?

The radiation exposure from a DEXA scan is extremely low and  is less than that of a standard chest X-ray and even a cross-country flight. It is approximately 20 micro-sieverts, which is a fraction of the exposure from other common medical imaging procedures like mammograms. Therefore, DEXA scans pose minimal risk in terms of radiation exposure.

Where can I get a DEXA scan done?

At Everlab, our in-house state of the art diagnostics labs have their own DEXA machines and personalised reports based on your results. A DEXA scan is one of many tests that are part of an Everlab membership.

Alternatively you can go to one of many I-MED radiology clinics around Australia.

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Things to avoid before having a DEXA scan

Before having a DEXA scan you should try avoid the following to ensure accurate results:

1. Calcium Supplements: Do not take calcium supplements for at least 24 hours before the test.
2. Metal Objects: Avoid wearing clothing with metal zippers, buttons, or any metal accessories like jewellery. These can interfere with the accuracy of the scan.
3. Recent Tests: If you have had a barium exam or have been injected with a contrast dye for a CT scan or radioisotope scan in the past two weeks, you should inform your technician. These substances can impact the test results.
4. Heavy Exercise: Engaging in heavy exercise right before the scan might not be advisable as it could temporarily alter bone density readings.

Always follow specific instructions given by your healthcare provider or the testing facility.

Results & Follow Up

What do the results of a DEXA scan look like?

A typical 6-8 page report from a DEXA scan will provide detailed imaging of your Lumbar Spine, Right Hip, Left Hip, and overall body composition. For each bone group, you'll find both T and Z scores. T scores measure your bone density relative to the average healthy young adult and Z scores measure your bone density relative to your peer group. Positive T and Z scores indicate above-average bone density, while negative scores suggest below-average density.

The body composition analysis in the report will include your BMI (Body Mass Index), total body fat percentage, and an estimate of VAT (Visceral Adipose Tissue). It's important to review the results of your DEXA scan with your referring doctor to fully understand your bone health and body composition.

How long does it take to get the results of a DEXA scan?

The results of a DEXA scan are usually available within 24 to 48 hours. However, the exact timing can vary depending on the facility where the scan is performed. Some clinics might provide the results immediately or within a few hours, especially if the scan is being reviewed by a radiologist on-site.

What do I do If I have low bone density?

If you have below average bone density, your referring doctor will suggest treatments to help keep your bones strong, including:

• Exercising more often: Regular physical activity strengthens your bones. Walking, yoga and strength training are great ways to stay active and prevent bone loss.
• Supplements or eating specific foods: Your provider might suggest that you take a vitamin D or calcium supplement to support your bone health. You might need to eat more foods high in certain vitamins and minerals.
• Medication: Your provider might prescribe medications that help slow down bone loss and prevent fractures. Some medications for osteoporosis may help build your bone density.

At Everlab we prescribe a full set of interventions designed to reduce your risk of exacerbating your current condition.